نو آبادیاتی نظام پر ایک طائرانہ نظر

A bird's eye view of the colonial system

Abstract

Colonialism is defined “control by one power over a dependent area or people.” It occurs when one nation subjugates another, conquering its population and exploiting it, often while forcing its own language and cultural values upon its people. By 1914, a large majority of the world’s nations had been colonized by Europeans at some point. The concept of Colonialism is closely linked to that of imperialism, which is the policy or ethos of using power and influence to control another nation or people that underlies colonialism. In antiquity, Colonialism was practiced by empires such as Ancient Greece, Ancient Room, Ancient Egypt and Phoenicia. These civilizations all extended their borders into surroundings and non – contiguous areas from about 1550 B.C. onward, and established colonies that drew on the physical and population resources of the people they conquered in order to increase their own power. Modern Colonialism began during what’s also known as the Age of the Discovery. Beginning in the 15^th century, Portugal began looking for new trade routes and searching for civilization outside of Europe. In 1415 Portuguese explorers conquered Ceuta, a Coastal town in North Africa, kicking of an empire that would last until 1999. An International   period of decolonization began around 1914, challenging European empire colonial empires up to 1975.